Video Japanese lessons for beginners. Japanese greetings. How to learn Japanese on your own from scratch

What are the best textbooks for learning Japanese? Let's pick the best tutorial with you.

There are many tutorials for learning Japanese. And if you're just starting out with Japanese, you might have an important question: "Which guide to stay on?" Today I want to make an overview of the textbooks and manuals that I myself came across, which I directly studied or which I teach in online courses.

Japanese textbooks. What are they?

First of all, tutorials can be broken down into two categories:

- Russian textbooks,
- Japanese textbooks.

Japanese textbooks I like it more because there are more real, lively dialogues and texts, more close to the reality of words. In any case, it is very important that the textbooks (it does not matter if they are Japanese or Russian) include Japanese authors.

Russian textbooks are often more emotionally comfortable. For example, the fact that everything is explained in your own language. And if you are bad with other languages, Russian textbooks will be more convenient for you. Another plus of Russian textbooks is a clear explanation of grammar. Because in a foreign language, the explanation of grammar can be confusing.

So, in fact, I have a lot of tutorials. I will probably prepare a separate review for each textbook. Now I will try to briefly describe the pros and cons of each textbook, and read in more detail in the next issues.

Russian Japanese textbooks

1. Textbook of the Japanese language, edited by I.V. Golovnina

We will start with a textbook that I used to study at RUDN (Peoples' Friendship University). This is a tutorial I.V. Golovnina... It has 4 parts: for beginners and intermediate.

Pros of this tutorial:

detailed explanation of grammar and many grammatical nuances,
great attention to recruitment vocabulary and the study of hieroglyphs.

Cons:

This is explained in scientific terms and to an unprepared person from the first time, such an explanation may seem quite difficult.
In addition, the texts themselves are already morally outdated. Here you can find texts about the revolution in France, about engineers, and, accordingly, they are very much out of touch with the reality of the Japanese language.

Those. this tutorial is good for learning grammar, but I would recommend using other tutorials.

2. Golomidova M., "Japanese for Children"

The next tutorial is this. I used this textbook when I was 16 years old. I had just developed an interest in the Japanese language, and I was making my first independent attempts to learn it. I would not say that this is a professional textbook and you will go far with it.

But pros of this tutorial the fact that everything is very simply explained here, in simple words, for kids. Here you can draw all sorts of different pictures.

3. Nechaeva L.T., "Japanese language"

Another tutorial is. It is used in many courses and also in institutes. He also has several parts for beginners and intermediate. Here, for example, phonetics for hieroglyphs are very well given, there are words, texts, even a disc for it. Lots of exercises, which is useful for practicing grammar. The grammar itself is very well explained. But the texts here, as in many Russian textbooks, are cut off from life. And also not always a good selection of hieroglyphs is given.

4. Sheftelevich NS and Strugova E.V., "We read, write, speak Japanese"

The next Russian textbook is the textbook Sheftelevich N.S. and Strugovoy E.The. "We read, write, speak Japanese." There are several parts in it. There are even recipes. Also a good textbook for learning grammar: there are exercises, there are hieroglyphs, various texts, dialogues, a disk. In principle, a very good tutorial.

Japanese textbooks from Japanese authors

1. Minna no nihongo

And yet, I like it better Japanese textbooks, about which I will also tell you now.
The tutorial that I like the most and that I use in my online courses is the "Minna no nihongo" tutorial. What I like about him is that:

He has a lot of different add-ons. For example, an essay writing supplement.
There is a separate book on hieroglyphics.
There is a book for reading, there is a lot for listening.
There is even a grammatical commentary in Russian.

Thus, thanks to these additions, you can develop both kanji writing, reading and listening - and many other skills that are important for the Japanese language. Moreover, all texts in this textbook are as close to reality as possible.

2. Genki

And another good textbook, which is used in language schools in Japan - "Genki". It also has many additions and editions as in Minna no nihongo. And I can recommend it to you too.

That's all. I will try to prepare separate detailed reviews for each tutorial. Therefore, you will be able to get to know them in the future.

What textbooks do you use or have used? Which ones do you like the most?

You can go through one of the topics covered in the tutorials with us, namely ..

Today I would like to return to the topic of methods of learning the Japanese language, or rather materials for its study. Moreover, free materials, but despite this very good and high quality.

I will also be very glad to receive comments from those who have already studied these lessons. Plus links to other helpful self-study resources and tips.

In the spring of last year, we already gave news about this on our website, but for those who may have missed it and do not know, I decided to repeat the information again here on the blog. And at the very end I bring my personal experience learning Japanese.

So, all those who are interested in the Japanese language now have a great opportunity to take a Japanese language course from the comfort of their home, or on the road by car, or walking in the park, in general, anywhere, developed by a professional Japanese teacher, and most importantly native speaker from Japan.

The lessons include audio files with dialogues of various characters, grammar reference, explanation of all important points that the student must take out of the lesson, keywords for memorization, dictionaries, quizzes and competitions, and much more. All audio files and lesson materials can be downloaded absolutely free and used at any convenient time.

The lessons are based on the story of Anna, a 20-year-old Thai girl who loves Japanese manga comics. She came to Japan for a one-year internship to study Japanese at a Tokyo university. She will practice Japanese through study at university, living in a hostel, shopping and traveling. Well, now you can study Japanese language together with Anna step by step :)

As you listen to these lessons, you can imagine that you also came to Japan and are faced with different life situations there. By the way, since this course deals with real situations, if you learn all the phrases and remember in what situations they are used, then even arriving in Japan for the first time, I think you will be able to communicate with the Japanese without any problems. And most importantly, not only to explain, but also to understand what was answered, since you have the opportunity to listen to all the dialogues during this course, and more than once, which means you get used to Japanese speech (and it's very good that the voice acting is done by native speakers!)

You can read more about this course on the NHK WORLD website in your native language. I emphasize that it is very important that all words and phrases, as well as explanations of grammar, are given on this site in Russian. And for those who still do not know well the Japanese alphabets and hieroglyphs, transcriptions in the Latin alphabet are given for all words and expressions (in Japanese it is called romaji ローマ字).

The site has many sections devoted not only to the lessons themselves, but to the study of syllabic alphabets, dictionaries, and most importantly, the explanations of a professional teacher.

Akane Tokunaga, professor at the Kanda University of International Studies, is a consultant teacher for all lessons. Professor Tokunaga has been teaching Japanese to overseas students in the Japanese Language and Culture Education Program at Kanda University of Foreign Languages since the 2000s.

Professor Akane Tokunaga, lucidly explains some point in each lesson. And you can always return to this or that lesson, since they are all posted on the site on different topics.

I also advise you to heed this advice of Professor Tokunaga: " I would like to give some advice to listeners of Radio Japan who are learning Japanese. I strongly recommend that you keep a diary in Japanese, for example, as Anna tweeters in the Japanese Lessons program. No need to write long texts. For a start, two or three sentences will be enough. Sometime in the future, you will reread these notes and I am sure you will be surprised how much your Japanese has improved. "

At one time, such advice was given to me by my English teacher from Canada. She advised me to keep a diary every day on English language Dairy. Write down what I did during the day, or some of my thoughts and thoughts. At first I was a little skeptical about this way of learning a foreign language, but as an obedient student, I followed it. And you know, after a few days I felt progress. And then it got dragged on in general. I wrote a whole notebook :)

When I started learning Japanese, I did not keep a diary directly, but I always had a notebook at hand, like a homemade dictionary, where I constantly wrote down new words and expressions that I heard somewhere. For example, when I arrived in Japan, I always watched TV with this notebook, and when I heard a new word or expression, I wrote it down in a notebook, noting in what situation I heard it, and then analyzed it with a dictionary.

When I was in school myself, and then when I worked, the teachers practiced writing essays on a given topic 作文 (sakubun). They usually started with a simple one, like "1 day in my life", then they complicated it, for example, about "My dishes national cuisine", then it is even more difficult, for example," What would I do if I won a million yen in the lottery ", and in the groups above the average there were already historical, economic and even political topics.

This, of course, is not a diary, but it is also a very good practice and a way to learn a foreign language. It allows you to collect your thoughts, rummage through the dictionary in search of new words, consolidate grammar, and in Japanese it is also a great way to learn and consolidate hieroglyphs. I know that in many schools with an intensive curriculum, in particular in the "University Preparation" program, there are such tasks. Also because when entering a Japanese university is very often one of the entrance examinations is sakubun.

When I started working in Japan, the parent company had a rule for new employees - we had to write written reports and file them in a special folder with our name. In these reports, we had to describe in detail what we did during the day.

At first, when my boss told me that I should also keep such a report in Japanese, I thought, "Well, what nonsense! And so everyone can see what I'm doing. Why waste time on this!" , as I was obliged to obey.

So, at the end of the day, instead of going home, I had to hand-write an hourly report on A4 paper every day, which I did all day. At first it annoyed me a little, given that the reports took me more time than my Japanese colleagues, after all, Japanese is their native language, but for me it is not. Moreover, from time to time I had to check the spelling of complex hieroglyphs in the dictionary, and in general, whether I was going to use them correctly.

After a month, I gradually got involved, and it took me much less time to make reports. Moreover, I have noticed real progress! I memorized and, most importantly, could write by hand many complex characters (which are not found in noreku shiken exams)! I no longer considered this duty to be nonsense. Moreover, the boss checked all the reports and made notes at the bottom, gave recommendations, even sometimes praised them :) This was also a very useful practice and experience for work.

(Since all the documentation is kept on a computer, there are no problems with compiling it. But even modern Japanese can no longer write the same by hand, I am already silent about foreigners. That is why writing reports by hand was a very useful practice).

But after 6 months, the boss said that everything is enough, I passed probation and you don't need to write anything else. And what do you think? I began to ask to be allowed to write reports further! I suddenly realized that if I stopped writing by hand, I would again start to forget writing complex characters, because it takes constant practice to memorize them.

There was no limit to the surprise of the Japanese colleagues! That means I do not want to write, then suddenly I ask you to continue! But, alas, the boss said that they hired a lot of new employees (the company had a large recruitment of new ones 2 times a year: in the spring and in the fall), and that she had no time to check my reports. What a pity! It was a really great practice for me! It is really better to write hieroglyphs every day, otherwise muscle memory is not developed and they are forgotten over time. You can read something, but it's unlikely to write something complicated right off the bat.

In the meantime, while you are not in Japan, I recommend that you, as Professor Tokunaga advises, start keeping a diary in Japanese. Write there about the day passed, about your thoughts, about future goals and plans, in general, about anything. This is not only a great way to learn a language, but then, indeed, you can compare and see your progress.

All illustrations are taken from the NHK WORLD RADIO JAPAN website.

For those who are just starting or have recently started learning Japanese, I highly recommend including NHK in their classes and materials. This is especially useful for developing listening comprehension skills.

I would be very glad to receive comments from those who are already taking lessons from NHK. I will also be grateful for links to other useful resources for self-study and advice from experienced :)

Well, and to all those who dream of leaving for Japan, I would like to remind you that now the documents are being accepted for the long-term program "1 year and 9 months", which begins in July 2016. We are also accepting applications for short-term courses from 1 to 3 months, which begin in April 2016. Documents must be submitted by the end of February!

At the end of February, we will open the acceptance of documents for the long-term program "1.5 years", which will begin in October 2016. Documents will be accepted until the end of April.

For all questions write to

Probably many modern people now I'm worried about how to learn Japanese on my own. The reason for the emergence of such a need, in principle, is explained quite simply. Who will refuse to be the first to know about the latest innovations in the world of the most advanced technologies? That's right, a few. But they are most often produced in the Land of the Rising Sun, which means that instructions and operating manuals are primarily published not in Russian or English, but in the local system of the most complex hieroglyphs.

Why do so many want to learn Japanese on their own? Wouldn't it be easier to enroll in any courses or find a professional tutor? At first glance, of course, it is easier, but this is only if you are lucky to live or study in large city, for example, in Moscow, Kiev, St. Petersburg or Minsk. But in more modest settlements it is almost impossible to find such a specialist. Either he does not exist at all, or he asks for cosmic sums of money for his services.

This article will explain in detail how to quickly learn Japanese on your own. The reader will receive step by step instructions, which will certainly come to the rescue in the realization of this difficult, but quite feasible dream.

Can you learn Japanese on your own?

Konishua, or Japanese, is a rather interesting and very unusual dialect that you should definitely learn if only in order to be able to read Japanese manga books without translation or to communicate with Japanese friends - carriers of a unique culture.

Many people are interested in the question of how to learn Japanese on their own at home, or is it even possible? The answer will be unequivocally positive. However, those who decided to succeed will have to show considerable perseverance in this difficult, albeit very exciting, activity.

True, let's face it, learning Japanese may not go as smoothly as we would like. Why? The thing is that it has nothing to do with Western languages the world. The rules and alphabet of this adverb are complex, but basic phrases, pronunciation and grammar are easy enough to memorize even for a beginner, so mastering them will not be difficult.

For those interested in how to learn Japanese on their own, experts recommend starting with useful and common phrases, and then gradually moving on to more difficult tasks, for example, learning the alphabet and Japanese sounds.

Local alphabet

In this dialect, there is not one alphabet, but as many as four, and each of them has its own graphemes. This fact may already scare off those who wondered how to learn Japanese on their own.

Indeed, studying it is not an easy task. As a consolation, we can note that in any Japanese alphabet there are basic sounds, of which there are only 46. By the way, each alphabet has its own scope, so you probably won't have to confuse them.

Hiragana is used purely for writing. In syllabic writing, each character of this alphabet denotes a whole syllable, including both vowels and consonants.
Katakana is also a syllabic letter, but it is used exclusively for recording onomatopoeic and foreign words.
Kanji, the third alphabet, is composed of characters that the Japanese language borrowed from China.

By the way, hiragana and katakana are phonetic writing for sounds. Kanzdi, on the other hand, is considered an ideographic way of writing, and each of its symbols has its own meaning. It contains several thousand hieroglyphs, of which only two thousand are widely used. In addition, it should be noted that the sounds of katakana and hiragana are widely used in kanji.

Role in the rise of Japanese

The fourth Japanese alphabet is Latin, which is called "romaji" in Japan. This fact cannot but surprise those who wondered how to learn Japanese on their own from scratch. It would seem, well, what relation can the familiar Latin script have to the complex hieroglyphs of the Land of the Rising Sun?

However, in the modern eastern state, it is widely used to write acronyms, names of various brands, trade marks, companies, etc.

It should be noted that people who have begun to study the Japanese language, in order to quickly get used to the pronunciation of local symbols, often use romaji, although local residents in Japan itself do not do this. Why? The thing is that, among other things, the Japanese language consists of many characters that are difficult to pronounce and impossible to write in Latin, so it is best to go straight to the study of hieroglyphs. This approach is considered more literate from a linguistic point of view.

How to learn Japanese on your own. Developing the correct pronunciation

As we noted above, in the Japanese language there are 46 basic sounds, which are represented either by one of five vowels, or by a combination of Exception - a single sound that consists only of a consonant.

From a phonetic point of view, even before learning Japanese on your own, it is worth paying attention to the fact that they do not lend themselves to inflection and are not pronounced differently.

You can start pronouncing sounds by reading and studying the katakana and hiragana symbols. However, first you need to focus on the intonation of the pronunciation of various sounds.

By the way, we note that in Japanese the meaning of a word can completely change if the stress is incorrectly placed. And the same word only with a long vowel often has a completely different meaning than with a short vowel.

Learn the simplest variations of Japanese sounds

Sometimes, when writing to Japanese characters, small icons are drawn, which indicate a different pronunciation of this sound and completely change the meaning of the word.

It is worth noting that there are some rules for the pronunciation of Japanese sounds: voiced consonants must be pronounced in an intervocal position with a firm onset, and long vowel sounds that are pronounced with a long stretching of the sound indicate a difference in words.

Grammar: difficult, but possible

Many people are interested in how to quickly learn Japanese without learning grammar. We answer: no way! The whole point is whether we want it or not, but we still have to pay attention to the basic rules, since only knowledge of the very structure of a particular dialect will help to learn correctly.

You don't want to talk like a robot, uttering isolated phrases taken out of context, do you? In general, the Japanese language is very flexible and simple, despite all its difficulties, and it will not be difficult to put together whole sentences from words, even for a beginner.

By the way, not everyone knows that in a Japanese sentence there may well be no subject, since it is not at all necessary. But at the very end of the sentence there should always be a verb that plays the role of a predicate.

Nouns have no gender, and for most of them there is no category. As a consequence, Japanese verbs also have no gender or number.

An important feature is the fact that after a word in a sentence, you always need to put particles that refer to this lexical unit and indicate so on.

Personal pronouns, in contrast to the Russian language, are used only when politeness or compliance with a certain formality requires it.

Mentor or language school. Advantages and disadvantages

How to learn Japanese from scratch? Where, in fact, do you start? According to experts, the first step is to find recordings of Japanese audio lessons. There are actually a lot of them, so each student will be able to choose something to their own taste.

Once you have learned the basics of Japanese, you can move on to more advanced exercises. If the need to learn Japanese is just for fun, language learning can be limited to studying a specialized CD. It will provide an opportunity to learn the most common sounds, phrases.

The second way to learn Japanese is to enroll in courses at a language school or online lessons. It will suit those people who are going to live or work in Japan, as it will provide a unique opportunity to learn how to read and write. Under the guidance of a mentor, mastering even such a complex language will be faster and more correct.

The most important aspect in learning any language is knowing the alphabet, so you should learn it as quickly as possible. Katakana and hiragana, if desired, can be easily mastered in a couple of weeks. This is quite enough for writing, with their help you can write down almost everything.

Kanji hieroglyphs can be studied for several years, but those who strive to learn the language perfectly will definitely not regret the time spent. Flashcards can help you master words and phrases. For learning kanji, there are special cards on which the order of writing the hieroglyph and examples of compound words are indicated.

How to immerse yourself in the language environment at home

In order to recreate a small Japanese world at home, you need to find a group of like-minded people who are also studying the Japanese language. Participation in certain communities will help you get used to speech, after a certain time you will be able to distinguish certain Japanese words in a conversation without much difficulty, and this will generally improve your understanding of the Japanese language.

It is also necessary to make acquaintances from Japan with whom you could regularly study the language, call up and talk at least half an hour a day only in Japanese.

Professional linguists recommend reading Japanese newspapers, magazines, novels, watching films and programs every day. V public sources of this material usually enough. Newspapers will improve grammar, construction and actual words, and novels will introduce an artistic style.

Any language, if you do not constantly study it, is very quickly forgotten, so you need to devote at least half an hour to study every day. it Difficult language therefore, even the Japanese themselves, living outside of Japan for some time, begin to forget kanji.

By the way, it is also not worthwhile, having arrived in Japan, to pester others with conversations in an informal setting, since a badly speaking foreigner may not be answered there. These are the features of the local culture.

It is best to learn to speak from living people, because words from anime and manga are definitely not useful in everyday life.

When learning a language, it would be nice to observe how the Japanese behave in a given situation and of the same age category and gender as the student. It is necessary to learn to take into account the context and local flavor.

Dealing with the question of how to quickly learn Japanese on your own, you also don't need to place high hopes on gadgets and electronic dictionaries, since there is no point in buying them for a person who does not know at least 300-500 hieroglyphs.

Many people would like to learn Japanese but don't know where to start. Therefore, I give my own instructions based on my experience. First, a brief instruction will be given, giving only the names of the points and a minimum of information, and then a complete instruction.

How to learn Japanese - quick guide

Learn Hiragana.
Learn katakana.
Turn on Japanese keyboard layout.
Watch anime, Japanese films or dramas for at least 20-40 hours (with Russian subtitles).
Read the entire grammar tutorial at this link. This is a very simple and straightforward textbook, the best guide for beginners who are not familiar with Japanese at all. This point is the most important.
Install the Rikaichan add-on - this is a very good dictionary that allows you to hover the pointer over the desired word on any site, the add-on itself will find the end of this word and give its translation in the dictionary and tell you in what form this word stands.
Start using dictionaries.
Learn kanji. The 100 most popular kanji allow you to read 39% of the kanji in the text, 200 - 54%, 400 - 72%, 600 - 82%, 800 - 89%, 1000 - 93%, 1200 - 96%, 1400 - 98%, 1600 - 99 %.
Watch another 50-100 hours of anime / films / dramas with Russian subtitles (you can do it in parallel with paragraph 5-8).
This item is described in full instructions below.

Complete instruction for learning Japanese

Introduction - Japanese writing

If someone thinks that only hieroglyphs are used in Japanese, he is wrong, hieroglyphs make up only about 23% of the characters in the text (although in the phonetic ratio, hieroglyphs are more, since one hieroglyph on average means more than one syllable) ... In addition to hieroglyphs, two syllabic alphabets are used in Japanese writing at once - hiragana (46 characters) and katakana (46 characters), a total of 92 characters. The syllabic alphabet is something like the Russian alphabet. All 3 types of writing are used simultaneously, for example, part of a word can be written in hieroglyphs, and part in kanoi. Examples of hiragana signs: あ - a, い - and, う - y, え - e, お - o, か - ka, き - ki, etc.
Examples of katakana signs: ア - a, イ - and, ウ - y, エ - e, オ - o, カ - ka, キ - ki, etc.
Examples of kanji (Japanese characters borrowed from China): 食、誰、大、好、何, etc. A total of 2,136 characters are used.

When to use kana and when to use hieroglyphs

Hiragana:

All particles.
All parts of words that are changing (and sometimes unchanging).
Some words.

Katakana:

All foreign words.

Kanji (hieroglyphs):

All the basics of words.

1. Learn Hiragana

The nicest hiragana tablet is in the akanji app on. You can also read about hiragana on Wikipedia. Hiragana consists of only 46 characters and takes about 6 hours to learn. Hiragana is a syllabic alphabet, something like the Russian alphabet. Please note that the order of the strokes is very important when writing kana characters. You need to find a site that lists the order of the strokes. Also, you should be able to write in hiragana by hand on paper (if it is crooked, fearless). Personally, I taught this way: first I wrote in a notebook and pronounced the first sign あ (a). When I remembered it, I added one more sign to it, and copied 2 signs into the notebook at once (from memory). Then 3 signs at once, and so on until the very end. I also advise at the very end to check the learned plate with other sites, this is important. Also, in some cases, this technique can help: hold down the Ctrl key and turn the mouse wheel up - the size of the site will become larger, this will allow you to better see the signs. To reset the scale, press Ctrl + 0 (try zero both the one above the letters and the one on the numeric keypad, Num Lock should be on). When you learn hiragana, be sure to pay attention to the following things:

If you add a small ゃ (i), ゅ (yu), ょ (ё) to syllables ending in "i", you can make a syllable ending in i / yu / yo. For example, きゃ is "kya", but きや is kiya, because in the second case, や is large. Your plate should contain columns with syllables ending in i / y / y.
If you add two sticks, you can sound a consonant, for example, か is ka, が is ha. Your plate must contain lines starting with "g", "z", "d", "b", "p".
う (y) after "o" denotes a long vowel. For example, the word ありがとう (arigatou) reads "arigato:" where the colon indicates the vowel length. When writing in Latin, it is allowed to write arigatō instead of arigatou (the stick on top is a macron), but it is better to write arigatou. When writing in Russian letters, longitude is not shown and simply "arigato" is written.
aa, ii, uu, ee are also long vowels, for example かわいい (kawaii) reads "ka-va-i:".
You can see how to pronounce sounds in this video.
1. The syllables し (shi), しゃ (sha), しゅ (shu), しょ (sho) use the sound "soft sh". There is no such sound in Russian. That is, it is correct to say not "sha", but "shya".
2. The syllables じ (ji), じゃ (ja), じゅ (ju) じょ (jo) use the sound "soft f". There is no such sound in Russian. That is, it is correct to say not "zha", but "zha". Examples: じゃない - jianai, 大丈夫 - daijyo: bu.
3. In the syllables ち (chi), ちゃ (cha), ちゅ (chu), ちょ (cho), the sound "h" is softer than in Russian. That is, it is correct to say not "cha", but "cha". You may not try it for now, but in the future, in order to make the "h" sound softer, pay attention to how this happens with other sounds in Russian (for example, ta-cha, na-nya, ka-kya).
4. The sound わ (wa) is not labiodental, but labial. To pronounce it, try to pronounce it as close to the usual Russian "wa" as possible, but letting air pass through the gap between the two lips, and not between the lip and the teeth.
5. ざ、ず、ぜ、ぞ - At the beginning of words it looks more like "z", in the middle like "z".
6. じ、じゃ、じゅ、じょ - At the beginning of words it looks more like "j", in the middle it looks like "zh".
7. Other sounds that differ from the Russian language are "u" and "e", but I have no description for them. I think as long as you can not bother with this, in the future, understanding will come by itself.
Small っ (tsu) is sokuon, meaning doubling of the consonant in front, for example, ずっと - zutto. When pronouncing, if broken down into syllables, then っ will refer to the syllable in front: zu-tto. There is even a word in Japanese beginning with sokuona - って (tte).
ん before "p", "b" and "m" is pronounced like "m".
You can also find general rules the order of strokes in the General Guidelines section, but there are many exceptions to the rules.

2. Learn Katakana

The nicest katakana plaque is also in the akanji app and is available from. Katakana consists of only 46 characters and takes about 6 hours to learn. Katakana is a syllabic alphabet, something like the Russian alphabet. Everything is exactly the same as in hiragana. When you learn katakana, be sure to pay attention to the following things:

There is an informal katakana table, compiled by me personally. It is not worth learning katakana using it, this table can only help you understand how some combinations are made in katakana.
In katakana, a long vowel is indicated by a bar ー, for example, デート. Doubling a consonant also with a small tsu, but from katakana: ッ.

3. Turn on Japanese keyboard layout

This can be done in the control panel. After switching on, you can simply write in English letters - they themselves will be converted to hiragana. After pressing the spacebar, hiragana will be converted to kanji. Useful information:

On Windows, the Japanese keyboard is built into the English keyboard, so you can turn off the English keyboard. To switch between Latin and Cana, press Alt + ~ (Alt + Ё).
Ctrl + Caps Lock - Hiragana.
Alt + Caps Lock - Katakana.
F7 - Convert the entered word to katakana.
"x" or "l" before the required character will make the character small.
In tinctures, you can also make hiragana printed immediately without the Latin alphabet, but for this you need to have a Japanese keyboard on which hiragana characters are drawn, and since you do not have one, this method will not work for you.
On phones, the method described above will still suit you, because on phones there is a touch keyboard.
Other combinations are possible.

There is also a MUCH more convenient way to switch layouts, he.

4. Watch anime, Japanese films or dramas for at least 20-40 hours (with Russian subtitles)

This will allow you to understand the sounds used in the cana you have learned. It will also make it possible to study grammar much faster in the further study of grammar, as well as to understand the intonation with which you will need to read examples. If you've watched so many anime before, you can skip this point.

5. Read the entire grammar tutorial at this link

Read the entire grammar tutorial at this link. This is a very simple and straightforward textbook, the best guide for beginners who are not familiar with Japanese at all. This point is the most important.

6. Install the Rikaichan add-on

Install add-on for Mozilla Firefox Rikaichan (requires old Firefox 56, can be downloaded from this link). Rikaichan is a very good dictionary: on any site you can hover the pointer over the desired word, the add-on will find the end of this word and give its translation according to the dictionary. Also, the addition will say in what form this word stands. Additionally, Rikaichan requires a Japanese-Russian dictionary to be installed. Also on the official site of the add-on there is another Japanese-Russian dictionary from warodai.ru. You can install two dictionaries at once and switch between them by pressing Shift. Rikaichan can be used without hovering the pointer: the desired word can simply be entered in special field, in this case Rikaichan will work like a normal smart dictionary that understands the forms of words.

7. Start using dictionaries

Quite often there is a great need to translate a word into Russian. The Rikaichan add-on solves this problem, but its base is not that large, or you may want to watch more detailed information... These dictionaries can help you:

Yarxi - installs on almost all platforms, a very powerful dictionary, but with a complicated interface. There is also an online version.
Those who do not have the opportunity to install Rikaichan, which has two Japanese-Russian dictionaries at once, can use the online version of one of them + there you can download it in its entirety.
The list is not complete.

8. Learning kanji

After reading the entire textbook, if you wish, you can start learning kanji.

If you have no desire to learn, I advise you to learn 1 part of Kyoiku Kanji (80 pieces) + 170 of the most popular kanji (250 kanji in total). This will allow you to read 58% of all kanji in the text! (not read 42%).
If there is a desire, but not very much, then 1 part and 420 of the most popular (500 in total) - this will allow you to read 77% of the kanji in the text (not to read 23%).
If there is a great desire, then 1 part and 920 of the most popular (1000 in total) - this will allow you to read 93% of the kanji in the text (not to read 7%), and 2000 kanji will allow you to read everything.

Tips for learning kanji are available. The best way to learn kanji is with. In the same application, on the "Statistics" tab, you can find more detailed statistics on kanji.

9. Watch 50-100 more hours of anime / films / dramas with Russian subtitles

This item can be performed in parallel with item 5-8. For example, you are completing step 5 and have learned a new grammatical structure. You know her, but you have no intuition for her, she seems alien and unfamiliar to you. In fact, there is nothing terrible, as soon as, having learned some construction, you start watching anime, you will immediately begin to recognize this construction in speech and very soon you will not even be able to understand how you did not notice it before. Watching anime will help you understand with what intonation and how to pronounce phrases, and will also allow you to understand someone else's speech. It is impossible to learn a language without ever hearing it. If you have watched so many anime before, then 10-20 hours will be enough.

10. The last point

On this moment The instructions have not yet been completed, i.e. the tenth point is not yet available, but I can still give a few tips:

To expand your vocabulary you can use.
You can look for other grammar textbooks. I think that after you have completed the previous points, this question will no longer seem so difficult to you. Personally, I haven't gotten to this point yet, so I can't recommend a specific tutorial. The instruction will be updated. Do not teach from "Minna no Hihongo" - this textbook is intended to be taught with a teacher, not on your own.
You can read manga in pure Japanese. There is a manga in which hiragana is given over the hieroglyphs, that is, to read such a manga, you do not need to know all the kanji. When reading manga, no one rushes you, if you do not know some words, you can look them up in the dictionary.
You can watch anime WITHOUT subtitles. In the previous paragraphs, I advised you to watch with subtitles, because you just got acquainted with the Japanese language and without them it is impossible to understand anything, but over time, the subtitles, on the contrary, begin to interfere - instead of listening to Japanese speech, you blindly take the meaning from text on the screen without learning the language.
Start chatting with Japanese people. Ask them to correct your mistakes.
Start reading a light novel.

Feedback

If something is not clear during the execution of the instruction, or if you want to add something to the instruction, you can write to me

JAPANESE FOR CHILDREN

WE TEACH CHILDREN JAPANESE

After several days of active pressure from the minor (4th grade) with a request to teach her the Japanese language, I had to meet the person halfway and try to start unobtrusively teaching her Japanese. Basically, why not?

Two years ago, she demanded Arabic - as a result, her knowledge of a few words and the alphabet made a huge splash in Egypt. But ... there was simply not enough time for further advancement: the little man is starring in music, he lives actively ... Even before that we had the experience of acquaintance with English, but for some reason she did not like him, although the eldest, on the contrary, after mine " English lessons ", to which we devoted half an hour on summer evenings before the fourth grade, went so well that now in two languages (English and French) the Olympiads wins, and, moreover, all-Russian :) Well, well .. now Japanese ...

OK. No special efforts are required on my part, so I decided: a little bit, playfully. Why not. If I don’t get tired of sharing the progress of the operation here (sometimes I don’t have enough time to expose the usual materials, and even load myself with it), then, you see, maybe someone will come in handy too.

JAPANESE FOR CHILDREN

So where do you start? And we started, of course, with Japanese characters! Why else should I learn Japanese? And here are the first of them: the sun and the tree. We show how to draw them, draw them. It is important for the child to follow the drawing sequence - this is more important on initial stage than to observe the proportions of the picture.

We explain that the Japanese word ki (day, sun) is written with the sun, and the Japanese word ki (tree) is written with a tree, but at the same time we remember that these hieroglyphs have their own separate names: the hieroglyph of the sun is called "NITI", and the hieroglyph of dervo is called "MOKU "as well as" BOKU ".

When asked why this is so, we tell you that the Japanese once loved the Chinese and took their hieroglyphs from them and began to write down their words with them, but they tried to leave their Chinese names to the hieroglyphs. What for? Yes, at least so as not to get confused in them, because there are so many of them! - such an explanation is quite enough for a start, although a dozen more explanations can be given if the child is not satisfied with this :)

WHY LEARN JAPANESE TO CHILDREN

In general, what are we trying to achieve? While there is a wave of interest, I want the child to learn to recognize 20-40 hieroglyphs without much difficulty, to know about a hundred words. Well, in the meantime, without focusing on particular attention, try to learn at least half of the signs of the alphabet and memorize a dozen etiquette expressions for a lifetime.

Here is such a seed. If interest persists (here, the main thing is not to frighten off), then it is good - in any case, the seeds will be planted, and someday it will sprout. And if her appetite flares up, then well ... let's continue on. And if not, then, as they say, thanks for trying :)

HOW and WHEN TO TEACH JAPANESE TO CHILDREN

When to start teaching children foreign languages, including Japanese? Why Teach Japanese to Children? How to teach Japanese to children?

Questions to which the answers are quite simple:

a) when they want it,

b) to teach so as not to discourage the desire, only playfully, only indulging in, but at the same time thoughtfully, so that one follows the other, step by shak,

c) so as not to be confusing, so that everything is clear, and of course interesting,

d) there were Japanese words, Japanese etiquette expressions, and of course Japanese (Chinese) hieroglyphs (kanji).