Nowadays the word "ecology" sounds quite often. This important and complex science attracts not only eminent scientists, but also novice researchers. In order to do good project on the topic "Ecology of the environment", the child must master the skills of research work.
Research relevance
After the introduction educational standards the second generation in kindergartens and schools, the participation of children in project and research work has become a mandatory element of every curriculum. The involvement of the younger generation in such activities contributes to the formation of an active civic position. on the theme "The ecology of my city" can be the beginning of a great creative work aimed at improving the quality of life in your hometown.
How to decide on a topic
The most difficult stage for children is the choice of material for conducting own experiences and experiments.
That is why themes research projects on ecology is often offered by a teacher-mentor. Since this science connects several areas at once, in the works considered by children, knowledge in mathematics, physics, economics, chemistry, biology, social science is used.
Elements of work
Any project on the topic "Problems of the ecology of my city" involves setting a goal, research objectives, hypotheses, and a choice of methodology. In order to appreciate the novelty created material, put forward a hypothesis (assumption) of work.
For example, a project on the topic "Ecology and Economics" involves the selection of effective means to improve the environmental situation. It's hard to imagine quality material on this problem without mathematical calculations, so this topic is suitable for high school students.
The project on the theme "Ecology of the city" is available to primary school students. It can be designed in the form of a beautiful presentation using ICT for this.
The topics of environmental projects chosen by students should be of interest to the researchers themselves. Otherwise, it will be difficult to talk about an effective and high-quality experiment.
Examples of
Consider the topics of environmental projects that modern schoolchildren can use in their scientific research:
- "Man and the Environment".
- "Effects of carbon dioxide on human health".
- "Effective remedy for prevention colds".
- "How much money does the state lose due to bad ecology."
- "The negative impact of loud music on the psyche of adolescents."
The topics of environmental projects may be different, above is only a small list of them. Before embarking on his own experiment, the young scientist, together with his mentor, formulates tasks and thinks over a work plan.
Depending on the topic of the project on ecology, a specific methodology for conducting experiments and experiments is selected. In addition to carrying out the work itself, it is important to pay attention to the design of its results.
Some topics of environmental projects involve the creation of documentaries, computer presentations, so the author will be required to possess modern digital equipment.
Human health
Interesting project on the topic "Ecology and man" can be done on the basis of an anonymous sociological survey. For example, if you use a simple technique, you can determine the level of oral hygiene in schoolchildren. We offer a project on the topic "Ecology and Man", which a high school student can complete.
“Teeth are very important for normal life and human activity. mechanical restoration food. This gives a person the opportunity to use food products of different density. If food enters the stomach that has not gone through normal grinding, this will lead to serious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
Humanity has learned to take care of its physical health, remain capable until a ripe old age. Thanks to a healthy lifestyle, good development of medicine, people have become much more resilient and active.
The natural factor that helps to resist dental caries is enamel. Nature has taken care of protecting a person from various "aggressors" and ensuring the resistance of tooth tissues to the negative effects of chemical compounds of organic and inorganic origin. But do we take good care of our 'white diamonds'? "
Purpose and objectives of the work
The goal is to assess the quality of brushing teeth in schoolchildren different ages.
- analyze the methodology for determining the hygiene index;
- consider the main functions of different toothpastes;
- determine the hygiene index for schoolchildren of different ages;
- analyze the results obtained;
- draw conclusions based on the results of the study, make some recommendations
Experimental hypothesis: the hygiene index is determined by the age of the schoolchildren.
Theoretical part
Individual project on the topic "Ecology and Man" characterizes the features of tooth enamel. It is a solid mineral substance in which minor organic compounds are allowed. Tooth enamel has high mechanical strength. This material is resistant to organic acids. Low solubility explains the insignificant level of exchange interactions. These properties give the enamel the ability to withstand significant temperature fluctuations. Metabolic processes in enamel are explained by chemical and physical laws.
In the crystals of tooth enamel there is a special organic network that cements them. Due to this special structure of the intercrystalline substance, the peculiarities of the crystal itself, osmotic and diffusion processes are actively proceeding in the enamel.
About one percent of its composition is water. She, along with mineral and organic matter forms lymph. With its systematic circulation, enamel permeability is ensured, it becomes possible for organic and mineral salts to get inside.
Risk factors
There is a decrease with age metabolic processes and the permeability of tooth enamel. That is why the risk of tooth decay increases significantly. Solid food and thorough chewing strengthen the enamel, increase its strength and acid resistance.
In order to prevent serious troubles, it is important to strengthen the tooth enamel and increase its durability. Among effective measures prevention, which allow us to solve this problem, we note the use vitamin complex, the use of calcium salts. For example, the use of calcium carbonate and bicarbonate contributes to the formation of a protective shell.
Also, substances containing fluorine and other trace elements are used as prophylactic agents.
Fluorine forms a strong bond with tooth enamel, which significantly reduces its solubility, gives it strength in relation to carbohydrates and various bacteria. Of course, before starting prophylaxis, you need to consult a dentist.
Toothpastes are hygienic, do not erase hard tissues of teeth, and do not become infected during storage. Pastes clean teeth well. They remove plaque and prevent the formation of tartar.
Correct care behind your teeth, which is complemented by useful, rational nutrition, healthy way life will definitely bring positive results. This behavior is an excellent option for caries prevention. Note that the production of tooth powders and pastes has significantly increased in the world.
The main dental diseases are still dental caries and periodontal disease. The word "caries" should be understood as a significant softening and violation of the hardness of dental tissue, the appearance of a cavity.
Experts note the destruction of the enamel layer under the influence of aggressive substances as the main reasons for the appearance of caries.
The development of this dental disease is the result of several factors at once: the action of microorganisms, malnutrition, instability of tooth enamel. Microorganisms that accumulate on the surface, during the hydrolysis of carbohydrates, form an acid that destroys teeth.
Prophylaxis
A dental caries prevention program involves certain actions:
- limiting sugar intake, especially between meals;
- high-quality oral care, thanks to which plaque is removed in a timely manner;
- additional enrichment of the body with fluoride preparations with insufficient content in drinking water and food.
Tooth enamel is a collection of inorganic compounds. From a chemical point of view, it can be considered as a representative of the apatite group. Among a hundred different natural compounds of apatite, fluorapatite is closer to tooth enamel. That is why it is so important that the body is not deficient in fluoride.
Fluorapatite is formed in the enamel of teeth only when fluoride preparations in optimal quantities enter the body. This guarantees the resistance of the teeth to the appearance of caries. The first sign of the disease is the appearance of a chalky white or yellow spot on the surface of a healthy tooth. It appears as a result of the gradual dissolution of tooth enamel. At this stage of the carious process, pain is completely absent or slightly expressed: a slight sensitivity to sweet, sour or temperature stimuli (cold or hot) may appear.
The sensitivity is so insignificant that, as a rule, it is not paid attention to. Proper oral hygiene is an integral part of the complex of all preventive measures aimed at ensuring the reduction of dental and periodontal diseases.
Features of funds
Manufacturers currently offer a range of different toothpastes. Their main components are abrasive (cleaning), gelling, and foam-forming substances that significantly improve its taste. Abrasive substances allow you to polish and clean your teeth from plaque.
Laboratory studies have found that abrasive substances enter into chemical interaction with inorganic substances tooth enamel. That is why, in addition to chalk, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate and aluminum oxide are introduced into toothpastes.
Manufacturers often try to use several components at once, which significantly improves the quality of the finished product.
Any abrasive compound has a certain degree of hardness, as well as certain Chemical properties... It is on them that the mechanical strength, as well as the resistance to chemical components of the finished product, directly depends.
Foaming agents are often used in toothpastes. For example, these can be surfactants. Similar to other chemical components, they can negatively affect the oral mucosa. The compounds used should not affect the taste parameters of the paste, its appearance, mechanical characteristics.
conclusions
After the experiment, the following conclusions were made:
- A poor hygiene index indicates that children are not taking good care of their teeth.
- The hypothesis put forward at the beginning of the work was not confirmed. During the experiment, it was found out that there is no direct relationship between oral hygiene and age.
- Also, the lack of knowledge of schoolchildren about the correct methods of brushing teeth can affect the quality of teeth cleaning.
In order to avoid trouble with your teeth, we suggest:
- conduct special conversations for students about how important it is to take care of your teeth, how to do it correctly;
- to care for the oral cavity, it is necessary to use those toothpastes that the dentist advises, based on individual characteristics patient rather than advertised products.
The material presented above can be used as a biology project on the topic "Ecology and Man" when performing the practical task of the Olympiad.
Students of grade 4 MBOU " High school№2 "city of Gagarin
Research group "Ecologists"
Research topic: "How to solve ecological problems our city "
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Research work of the group "Ecologists" Research topic: "How to solve the environmental problems of our city"
Hypothesis: we assume that having studied the ecological problems of our city, we will act in such a way as not to disturb the ecological balance.
Purpose of the research: the formation of ecological education of people. Tasks: to find facts of ecological trouble in the environment; assess the negative impact of human activity on nature; learn to be caring, kind and responsible citizens of our city.
I picked the flower and it wilted. I caught a beetle and it died in the palm of my hand. And then I realized that you can touch beauty only with your heart.
Stages of work 1. To study the environmental problems of our city. 2. Think about what causes these problems. 3. Outline ways of solving these problems. 4. Suggest what each of us can do to ensure ecological balance in our city? 5. Conclusions.
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What environmental problems exist in our city? 1. Air pollution. 2. Water pollution. 3. Garbage dumps.
Air pollution factories machinery smoking cigarettes deforestation How to solve environmental problem? Control emissions from factories. Install cleaning filters. Create environmentally friendly machines. Prohibit smoking cigarettes. Control deforestation. Plant trees.
Pollution of water factories with fine water trash oil products How to solve the environmental problem? Install cleaning filters. Do not dispose of rubbish near bodies of water. Do not wash cars near bodies of water. Monitor waste water discharge.
What causes water pollution in our city? 1. Utilities do not collect garbage on time. 2. Low culture of the inhabitants of our city. 3. There are no waste processing plants.
Ways to solve the problem. 1. A waste processing plant should be built in the city. 2.There must be waste bins for different kind garbage. 3.People should not throw rubbish past dumpsters.
How do environmental issues affect human life? Environmental issues affect human health. In our city, children are very often sick. Swimming is prohibited in some bodies of water in our area. In many settlements in our region, the water is not drinkable.
What can each of us do? 1. You can become a personal example for everyone. 2. Collect and return used paper. 3. Collect and hand over unnecessary hardware... 4. Plant trees. 5. Keep it clean. 6. Protect animals and plants.
Investigating this problem, we made the following conclusions: 1. All environmental problems affect human life and health. 2. The cleanliness of our city depends on each of us. 3. We must protect and preserve nature in order to preserve life on earth.
Resources Slide background. http://goo.gl/guFQI 2. Image of the planet Earth. http://goo.gl/hlVP6 3. Pictures of environmental problems. http://goo.gl/p0e9E 4.Ecological problems of the city of Gagarin, Smolensk region http://goo.gl/J9pBZ 5.Ecological problems of our time. votedeath.ru
Ecological research "Ecological meaning in Russian folk tales"
Description. Research work on ecology aimed at finding ecological meaning in Russian folk tales. The author took part with her in the regional ecological competition-exhibition "Ecology and Fairy Tales", where she took 2nd place, spoke to the students of health camps of educational institutions of the Slutsk region in the framework of the ecological program "Ecology and Folklore". This development will be useful for teachers primary grades, teachers of additional education, educators of institutions preschool education for fostering love for nature through Russians folk tales.
Author: Zhuk Irina, 12 years old, student of the interest association "Ecological tourism: pathfinders", State Educational Institution "Slutsk Ecological and Biological Center of Students", Slutsk, Minsk region, Republic of Belarus.
Leader: Yasenetskaya Svetlana Vadimovna, teacher of additional education, State Educational Institution "Slutsk Ecological and Biological Center of Students", Slutsk, Minsk region, Republic of Belarus.
Introduction
"A fairy tale is a lie, but there is a hint in it, a good fellow - a lesson!"
Although fairy tales seem to be entertainment, they have a deep educational meaning. Fairy tales originated as oral folk art long before the emergence of various sciences. But already in those distant times for us, people spiritualized nature and worshiped its greatness, realizing that their life directly depends on Mother Nature. And even though man often endowed Nature with supernatural power, this only further emphasized their interdependence.
Nowadays, it is very important to explain environmental problems to a child in a language that is understandable to him. And this can be helped by fairy tales, where the heroes do not violate environmental laws and Nature treats man in the same way that Man himself treats nature.
Target: the search for ecological meaning in Russian folk tales
Tasks:
1. To trace the attitude of our ancestors to nature through the study of fairy tales.
2. Show the ecological meaning inherent in Slavic folk tales
3. To foster love for fairy tales and respect for nature.
Research subject: Russian folk tales
Research methods:
1) information search;
2) analytical.
Hypothesis: Russian folk tales contain ecological knowledge.
Main part
Research "Ecological meaning in Russian folk tales"
The world of Russian folk tales is original and mysterious. In it you can meet not only people, but also animals, and often - and friendship between them.
Fairy tale "Geese-Swans"
Let's remember the fairy tale "Geese-Swans". The sister goes to look for her brother, who was carried away by the geese-swans. He meets Yablonka on his way and asks her for help. And what does Yablonka say to her?
Here's what:
- Eat my forest apple - I'll tell you.
The tree is hard, there are many fruits on it.
And what does the girl answer?
“My father’s gardeners don’t eat either.
The girl Yablonka did not help - and Yablonka did not help her.
And with Rechka and Pechka it was the same.
But on the way back, when the girl with her brother ran away from
geese-swans, and Pechka, and Rechka, Yablonka helped her. And all why? Yes, because the girl helped them: she drank jelly, and ate a pie, and ate a forest apple.
A typical picture of mutual aid!
Fairy tale "The Frog Princess"
Let's remember another fairy tale, where mutual assistance between man and animals is also clearly traced - "The Frog Princess".
Ivan Tsarevich was walking in search of his bride. He met the Bear - he spared him, did not do anything bad to the beast.
He met the Hare and the Duck - he spared them.
Saved Pike from certain death on the seashore.
And what did the animals repay Ivan? They helped to get the needle, in which the death of Koshchei was. Further, according to the text of the tale, it becomes clear that there is nothing superfluous in nature, that every animal, from a bear to a hare, bears some kind of benefit.
Fairy tale "Ivan Tsarevich and the gray wolf"
But in the fairy tale "Tsarevich Ivan and the Gray Wolf" the situation turned out like this: the wolf ate the Tsarevich's horse ... ... and then, in order to make amends, he carried Ivan through the forests and mountains.
Fairy tale "Turnip"
But the tale "Turnip" indicates to us that sometimes it is necessary for both animals and people to be on the same side, to unite in order to achieve a common goal. Based on this tale, you can see that as now, in our time, all living beings need to stand on one side in order to save our Earth! If you fantasize a little when discussing the tale "Turnip": instead of a turnip, we will have the whole globe. Our planet is the Earth! And the inhabitants of the house on personal plot will act as inhabitants of the entire planet. Here's the picture, it turns out: the inhabitants of the planet see that it is in danger and something needs to be done.
One person (grandfather) noticed this first and realized that he himself would not be able to cope, he needed help. All of humanity (grandfather, grandmother, granddaughter) of the planet has united efforts - they are saving the Earth! Yes, they cannot save in any way! And, now, when all living beings (grandfather, grandmother, granddaughter, bug, cat, mouse) united - they saved the Earth (turnip)!
Conclusion
After conducting a study of several Russian folk tales, we can conclude that folk tales teach not only the norms of human behavior, but are also based on observations of nature and contain a deep ecological meaning. They teach us to love nature, to take care of our smaller brothers.
***
The fairy tale brings us joy
The one who knows will understand
There is a lot of meaning in a fairy tale,
And love walks close there.
There are many adventures in a fairy tale,
Very happy excitement
Good wins in her,
After all, it is stronger than evil.
One who respects fairy tales
It certainly grows
Turning into a sage
Believes very much in miracles.
And a miracle comes to visit
Doesn't pass by
The main thing is to believe in him,
And it is already with you.
A fairy tale is a wonderful piggy bank
What you save up you take
And without a fairy tale in this life -
You will certainly be lost.
(E. Stepanova)
Presentation on the topic: Ecological meaning in Russian folk tales
Research project "Protect our natural environment!"
Mukhina Svetlana NikolaevnaWork description: I bring to your attention a project on environmental protection, pollution of the city with household waste.
Theme:"Let's protect our native nature!"
Target: To draw the attention of citizens to the problem of household pollution in the city and direct their actions to prevent this situation.
Tasks: To study the opinion of the townspeople on the problem of household pollution.
Collect and analyze information about the placement of bins and garbage cans in the city.
Conduct conversations and mini-lectures with children and adolescents 5-17 years old in order to inform them about the problem of household pollution in the city.
To hold among teenagers the actions "Clean Coast", "Clean Forest", "Clean City".
“It is the ecological component that should become the key leitmotif of human activity” Vladimir Putin.
Relevance: global scale of household pollution.
The reasons for the pollution of the city territory:
1.Quantitative shortage of trash bins on the streets of the city;
2. lack of manners, irresponsibility of the townspeople.
Hypothesis: combating household waste on the streets of the city will help preserve the cleanliness of the environment, the physical and moral health of a person.
Contradictions:
-between instilling ecological culture in the younger generation and the immoral, irresponsible behavior of a number of adults;
- between production growth high-tech materials and lagging behind in their processing.
A questionnaire was conducted: "My contribution to the maintenance of cleanliness and order in my hometown."
100 people were interviewed.
Poll results:
1. Do you agree with the statement that the citizens of our city maintain cleanliness and order in the streets? (Yes -42, No - 58)
2. Do you always throw your household waste into the designated areas? (Yes - 84, No -16)
3. Have you ever left household rubbish at the entrance of your house? (Yes –3, No - 97)
4. Do you keep your entrance clean? (Yes -59, No -41)
5. Do you always use street bins, or can you afford to throw a cigarette butt, a piece of paper on the ground? (Yes -74, No -26)
6. Do you think you are contributing to the maintenance of cleanliness and order in the streets of the city? (Yes -65, No - 35)
7. Are you satisfied with the aesthetic appearance of the streets of our city? (Yes -45, No -55)
The main characteristics of household waste:
Food waste;
Waste paper;
Cans;
Foil;;
Products from plastics that do not contain chlorine;
Products from chlorine-containing plastics;
Batteries.
Garbage rotting time in landfills.
Transport ticket 1 month
Banana peel up to 6 months
Woolen sock 1 year
Wooden stick 4 years
Waxed glass 5 years
Painted board 13 years old
Tin cans 100 years old
Aluminum jars up to 500 years
Plastic bottles up to 500 years
Glass jars NEVER
Together with adolescents studying associations, the actions "Clean Bank", "Clean City", "Clean Forest" were held, we created booklets about the dangers of household waste and distributed them among the residents of the city. We believe that people who themselves took part in the improvement of the city themselves will no longer litter, and perhaps they will stop those who want to throw a candy wrapper or a bottle of lemonade on the ground.
Love and take care of your city!
The ecological problem is a very important stage in the development of mankind. It determines the fate of the human world. People, conquering nature, largely destroyed the balance of ecological systems. “Before, nature frightened man, but now man frightens nature,” said the French oceanologist Jacques Yves Cousteau. In some places, the ecology has reached a crisis state.
No one can remain indifferent to environmental pollution. “A bad bird is that that pollutes its own nest,” says the proverb.
Pollution of the surroundings, reduction of natural resources poses great challenges to humanity. The future of our planet depends on a clean environment. To achieve all this, it is necessary that a person realizes everything himself and takes a step towards protecting nature.
Today, our ecological culture is not high level... This suggests that subjects such as physics, computer science, astronomy, mathematics, chemistry pay little attention to ecology. The Law of the Russian Federation “Nature Protection” means that ecological knowledge should be supplied continuously. Its goal is to improve the ecological culture of every person.
Environmental culture and school are closely related. We are faced with the task of gaining knowledge of ecology. To be successful, you need to work consistently with real facts.
Ecology, as a science, is not included in the school curriculum. Therefore, environmental problems have to be studied in optional classes.
In the lessons of geography and biology, we pay attention to the problems of the relationship between society and nature, to methods of developing the productivity of rural culture and to the study of the properties of adaptation of living organisms to environmental factors.
In each academic year our school has an ecology month. This month is dedicated to the protection of birds, analysis of the ecological state and greening of the environment.
Based on all of the above, we have drawn up a project for our village. We set ourselves the task of improving the ecological state of the territory of our village.
The ecological state of the village
Ecology is a science that studies the relationship between living organisms and the environment. If you notice that the industry is growing every day, then for rural areas this turns into a large use of poisonous drugs and fertilizers, an increase in the number of vehicles. All this seriously affects the living world. Despite this, natural resources are decreasing, many species of animals and plants are disappearing. Every day more and more polluted air, water, environment. Therefore, each person has a task: to change the ecological situation in his settlement.
We, students of the Selo Churinsk secondary school, have been conducting effective work on nature protection: we study the ecology around our school territory, our village, draw conclusions on the work done, try to improve our environment for the better.
This year pupils of 6-9 grades took part in this work, i.e. 36 people. To make the result of our work accurate, the study was carried out from 7 am to 9 pm. It was conducted in the months of February and March. It was taken to account for the number of trees on the territory of the village. The village of Chura. Not far from the village is the Kukmor - Kazan highway. The students investigated how far residential buildings are from the highway and what vehicles usually pass. The distance between residential buildings and livestock farms, a machine and tractor fleet, a gas station, warehouses where toxic chemicals are stored, a cattle cemetery, landfills, and others were considered. We paid attention to what kind of waste was in landfills. In addition, they investigated the pollution of snow and drinking water.
After investigating, they concluded: the Kukmor - Kazan highway passes to the south-south-east, 70 meters from the village. The village of Chura. During the winter months, approximately 16 cargo and 19 passenger cars per hour, and on spring days this number increases to 23 trucks and 24 cars. According to theory, 1 passenger car emits 1 kg of smoke per day (41.6 g per hour). The smoke contains 30 g carbon monoxide, 6 g of nitric oxide, sulfur, lead impurity. And trucks emit 3 times more toxic substances. Based on this data, we calculated how much dust is emitted by cars that drive along our highway. So, cars and trucks emit 3868.8 g of smoke per hour, hence 2790 g of carbon monoxide, 558 g of nitric oxide, and other substances that are poisonous to our body. If we bear in mind that there are 24 hours in a day, 365 days in a year, then it is not difficult to imagine how many toxic substances are thrown into the air. And we all breathe this air. It should also be added that 1 car that will travel 1000 km will use the air that 1 person would breathe for a whole year. It should be borne in mind that 1 car produces 5–8 kg of rubber dust per year.
Plants very quickly recognize the level of air pollution. For example: coniferous trees- very good bioindicators. In one of the lessons, we followed the spruce trees that grow near our village and noticed that there are brown spots- mold. This suggests that there is a large amount of sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere. Indeed, next to these spruce trees there are 3 stoker rooms and a highway. This means that every hour gas, which is rich in sulfur dioxide, is thrown into the air from the boiler room, and the smoke of the car is also added to this. But not only they pollute our environment... A machine and tractor park and a gas station are located 150 m from the residential buildings to the south-southwest. We researched the local area and determined how dirty the snow surface is. We checked the composition of the snow by taking snow from the park, the main street, the school area. Having melted the snow, we checked the acidity. As a result, it turned out that it contains acid ions, but most of them were in the machine and tractor fleet.
There are farms 90 m to the S-SE, chemical warehouses (ammonia) 450 m to the N-SE, an animal cemetery at 700 m to the N-SE, and two landfills at 1000 m S and 50 m to the N-SW (<Picture 1 >, <Picture 2>), in addition, the same garbage dumps are available in the village in 3 places. Among the garbage there is iron, glass, polyethylene, paper, etc. But paper - 2, bottles - 90, polyethylene - 200, glass - 1000 years do not disintegrate.
It is good that different trees and plantings have been planted around the village. On the border of the village to the N-SW at 1000 m there are coniferous trees - pines, to the N-SW at 700 m there is a birch grove, to the N-NW at 500 m pines grow, to the South-SW at 500 m there is a birch grove, to the SW at 800 m - pine trees. Trees have been planted along the Kukmor-Kazan highway to protect us from exhaust gases. In addition to all these trees, there are shrubs. On the territory of the village. The village of Chura has a total of 4595 trees and bushes. According to statistics, elm absorbs 23 kg of dust in one summer. As a result, trees and shrubs growing along the village absorb 74.1 tons of dust over the summer. But they are still not enough.
We also checked the purity and hardness of the water through a microscope. The water that was taken from the well and the column turned out to be clean, and in the water taken from the artesian well flowing into the complex of cattle there are very small microorganisms. In terms of hardness, the water from the column is medium, from the well - soft, and from the artesian well - hard, because there are many anions and cations. We boiled the water. In the water taken from the well, the salt melted, but in other sources it did not completely dissolve. Hence the conclusion that water is hard.
An experiment with spring water was carried out in the autumn. We checked the temperature, taste, hydrogen sulphide and iron, the hardness of the spring water. The conclusions turned out to be the following: the water temperature is +1 0 С, transparent, unsalted, there is iron in the water, but there is no hydrogen sulfide, the hardness is low, the water volume is 1.3 l / sec. ( Annex 1)
Conclusion
The ecological problem is getting worse every year. The air we breathe, the water we drink, the soil more and more polluted every day. According to our research, it can be seen that transport pollutes the air, the number of springs and wells becomes less every year, and the number of landfills, on the contrary, is increasing. Agricultural vehicles and farms pollute water. To do this, we need to carry out clean-ups on the territory of the village and outside it, clear everything around from garbage, reduce the number of landfills and plant trees for landscaping.
Plants protect us from various dirty poisonous gases. Therefore, we must green the area around us. At the request of the forestry workers, every year students of our school plant 10-15 hectares of tree seedlings. Last year we planted about 20 hectares of trees. On the territory of the forest, 95–99% of the planted young seedlings survive, and in the plantings along the roads, 85–90%.
It is impossible to achieve conservation of nature by the efforts of students alone. Therefore, we try to ensure that every person in our village takes an active part in this. Together, we must protect our planet from environmental disaster.