If you are going to buy a car, you will need a garage for it. For many, such an acquisition is significant, so the newly-made owners of their own vehicle are trying to build cheap garage do it yourself. Modern construction technologies make it possible to build it in the shortest possible time, spending a minimum of funds.
Material selection
The cheapest solutions for walls will be cinder blocks and foam blocks. The latter lend themselves to laying more easily, which is why consumers choose aerated concrete most often. If you are thinking about the question of how to build a garage cheaply, then you should pay attention to the foam block, which is of low weight, so even one person will be able to handle the work process. For such a garage, a strip foundation made of concrete is suitable, the width of the structure can be approximately 200 mm.
Thinking about the question of how to build a garage cheaply, you should remember that it is better to make the foundation low, which will reduce the cost of construction. Three cubes of concrete will be needed to build a standard garage with dimensions of 3 x 6 m.In this case, the base will need to be deepened by 0.9 m.It should be remembered that this parameter is not standard, because the foundation must be placed below the level of the soil freezing line.
Wanting to build a cheap garage with your own hands, you also need to take care of an inexpensive roof. Traditionally, it is single-pitched with a wooden frame system and slate covering. For maximum cost reduction, it will be enough to install only a crate for slate. It is better to refuse to use ondulin, because it will almost double the cost of roofing.
Construction of a garage from aerated concrete
If you are thinking about the question of what to build a garage from, then you can choose aerated concrete. The foundation can be not only lightweight tape, but also monolithic. Experts recommend using. With its help, it will be possible to distribute the load as evenly as possible, which will reduce sedimentary deformation to a minimum.
If you are pursuing the goal of making construction as cheap as possible, then it is better to use a strip or combined foundation, which is made of reinforced concrete and a columnar monolithic belt. After completing the arrangement of the foundation and the concrete hardening, you can begin to erect the walls.
The first row should be carried out on a pre-laid layer, and if you decide to use a monolithic reinforced concrete slab, then aerated concrete blocks are laid directly on the surface of the base. This will allow for high-quality waterproofing using roll material. Experts recommend purchasing hydroglass insulation, which is laid on top of bitumen mastic.
Walling
If, when deciding what to build a garage from, you have chosen, then their installation should be carried out with bandaging the seams. You can use cement mortar or glue as a masonry mixture. The latter option will cost a little more, but working with this mixture is much more convenient and simpler. The seam thickness can range from 3 to 5 mm, while when using a solution, this parameter will be increased to 1 cm.
Every two rows of masonry, a reinforcing mesh made of metal should be placed, its edges should protrude several centimeters beyond the walls, which will allow you to control the laying of reinforcement. When aerated concrete is used, lintel beams are laid above the gate opening. For one machine, the opening width will be approximately 3 m, while for two machines a common opening with a width of up to 6 m can be made.
The lintel should be made of two profile corners, the shelf of each of which is 100 mm. The corners should be located at the edges of the blocks and fixed to each other or reinforcement in several places. Then the elements need to be primed. The lintel should be laid on the same mortar that is used when laying aerated concrete blocks. The edge of the beam on both sides should be located on the walls for a length of 200 mm. If you plan to equip a wider opening, then you will need to calculate the beam, taking into account the bending load.
When building a garage from aerated concrete, you will have to complete the construction of the walls, only after that you can proceed to tying them with belts. Their design will depend on the type of roof, floors and wall characteristics. In this case, the loads must be taken into account. If it is planned to build a second floor, then it will be necessary to lay reinforced concrete. roof trusses it is necessary to lay the Mauerlat, which is a log or wooden beam. It should be fixed, and before laying the strapping beam, waterproofing made of bitumen mastic and roll material should be laid on the walls.
Observation pit addition
Aerated concrete garage may require the arrangement of an inspection pit. For this, a pit is dug, the dimensions of which will be as follows: 1.5 x 0.8 x 1.8 mm. The inner walls of the pit must be covered with bricks, and then covered with plaster. To carry out such work, it is necessary to use slag bricks, which have high levels of water resistance.
For plastering, it is necessary to use a part of cement and 4 parts of sand, diluted with water. At the final stage, the walls are painted. Around the perimeter, you can install a frame welded from profile corners. For concreting the floor, you can use the same mortar as for arranging the foundation. The layer thickness will be approximately 70 mm.
Building a garage from cinder blocks: building a foundation
A cinder block garage can be built on It will not only be the cheapest, but also the easiest to perform. To begin with, a trench is dug, at the bottom of which rubble stone is laid in layers. The layers should be filled with cement. It is necessary to use a solution of the M-150 grade or higher.
For self-cooking Portland cement 400 must be mixed with sand and water. The amount of liquid will be needed to achieve the mobility of the mixture. For the installation of the basement along the perimeter of the trench, it is necessary to install a wooden formwork. Waterproofing from two layers of roofing material is laid along the basement.
Erection of walls and roofs
Having bought building materials cheaply, you can start building walls. Until this moment, gates are installed, which will be strengthened in the masonry as it is erected. When installing cinder blocks, it is necessary to observe the dressing of the seams. It is necessary to start the installation of products from the corners, pulling a cord between them.
For slabs, use 120mm I-beams. Their length should be 25 cm longer than the width of the room. The elements are located across the garage in 80 cm increments so that the elements repeat the slope of the long wall. After the completion of these works, you can start sewing the floor. Below are 40-mm beams, on top of which roofing material is laid.
At the next stage, slag, semi-rigid mineral slab or expanded clay is laid. When building a cheap garage with your own hands, you should take care that during operation it does not require repairs and additional costs. To do this, when laying the roof, it is necessary to remove it from the back and front by 20 cm. Such canopies prevent the walls from getting wet during the rain. On top of roofing material and slag, a screed is made, the thickness of which should be 20 mm. At the final stage, the roof is protected from moisture with rubemast or aquaizol.
Features of building a garage from a metal profile
Garage out shaped pipe costs only 30,000 rubles. To assemble the frame, you can use a welding machine or bolted connections. After completing the assembly of the frame, its surface must be protected with a primer and a layer of paint applied at the final stage.
The finished frame is sheathed with profiled metal sheets. To protect the framework, you can use special dyes that are suitable even for rusty surfaces. This choice will save not only money, but also time. When applying a paint and varnish material, a protective layer is created that excludes corrosion.
Construction of a garage made of wood
A garage made of boards will be able to withstand a monolithic foundation, which will also act as a solid floor. After the mortar has hardened, the bottom strapping should be made of boards, the size of which is 100 x 500 mm.
To erect gates and corner posts, you must use square beams with a side of 100 mm. To increase the strength of the frame in the corners, it is necessary to install struts. For the construction of such a garage, building materials will cost you cheap. After completing work on the frame, you can start building the roof. For this, boards of 100 x 25 mm are used, which are sheathed with profiled sheets.
Conclusion
You can build a cheap garage with your own hands by installing a wooden gate. Their cost in comparison with metal ones will be lower, as well as reliability. Without interior decoration, the price of a garage can be reduced even more. But if you do the work yourself, you can save on the services of specialists. You can decide which material to prefer by reading the information in the article. Below will be presented technologies for the construction of an inexpensive garage.
In this article, we'll walk you through the steps of building your own garage step by step. It should be immediately noted that construction work should be started only after receiving all required documents, otherwise, you can "plunge" into an unpleasant story.
Self-erection of a building allows you to get significant savings, eliminating the payment of a team of builders, whose services are far from cheap in our time. You can invite friends and relatives, for sure there will be a person among them who has any construction experience.
The choice of building material
You can choose any materials for the construction of a garage, according to your capabilities: wooden beams, bricks, foam, gas and cinder blocks are suitable. A "metal" option is also possible, the fastest and cheapest, however, in this case, you will need to pay for the services of a welder
Development of a simplified construction project
The construction project is necessary for the construction of a capital structure with a foundation. Do not try to order a project from professional designers: the cost of the project can exceed the cost of the garage itself. You need to take a piece of paper and draw a small diagram with explanations and an indication of the distances along the foundation of the future building and a sketch of the structure, loudly titling it "Garage Project". Also, do not forget to indicate the location "north-south", the distance to the nearest capital buildings, the red line of the street. This will be quite enough for the controlling government agencies.
If the garage will be used for parking and small repairs of one car, the dimensions of 3 x 5.5 meters can be considered quite sufficient. Please note that the wider the garage, the more comfortable it will be to repair the car. Surely you want to equip the garage with shelving, various shelves, boxes for storing tools, various spare parts. The height must be chosen according to your height, while adding about half a meter.
An explanatory note must be attached to the project, where you need to indicate:
- for what purposes the building will be used;
- material used in construction;
- depth of the foundation;
- what kind of roof will be (one- or gable);
- will there be in the garage inspection pit;
- solving problems with electricity and water supply, artificial (lamps) and natural (from the window) lighting, heating (if any).
V explanatory note it is also imperative to describe how the issues of collection and disposal of waste, including construction waste, will be resolved, without this point your project will not work.
Breakdown (binding) of the project on the ground
We drive a peg into one outside corner the future foundation, then using a measuring tape we determine the places of other corners. Using the compass, we check the approximate orientation of the building and its compliance with the project. We check the symmetry: the diagonal distance should be the same. We drive in and check the internal pegs of the foundation. We pull the string over the pegs, if necessary, drive in additional stakes.
Excavation
The width of the foundation should be taken as 40-45 cm. The depth of the foundation is 60-120 cm and directly depends on the degree of freezing of the soil in winter (you can check with the land committee of the municipality). The greater the depth of freezing, the deeper the foundation should be. Digging a trench for the foundation. The bottom of the trench must be at the level of the waterproof soil layer (clay). Try to make the walls of the trench vertical and even.
Erection of the foundation
Variants are possible here, but the most optimal are the use of rubble stone, large crushed stone, ready-made concrete blocks (or their pieces), the space between which is filled with cement mortar, fillers can be used in combination. This results in savings by reducing the amount of cement.
At the bottom of the trench, it is advisable to lay an "overlap" of iron reinforcement (you can use an iron bar, unnecessary rusty pipes, any metal profile). Then we lay a row of rubble stone (you can also use fragments of white brick, pieces concrete structures), we spill a number of masonry with cement mortar. We repeat the operation until the trench is completely filled. Around the middle of the foundation height, you can lay another row of reinforcement.
Cement should be used grades 400 and higher ("Portland"). The components of the solution can be mixed either by hand using a suitable container, bayonet and shovels, or you can use different ones, which will greatly facilitate your work. To prepare the solution, 1 part of cement is used to 2.5 parts of construction (fine-grained) sand. First, they should be mixed together, then gradually add water, stirring the mixture. The amount of water is approximately equal to the amount of cement. We achieve a uniform consistency of "homemade thick sour cream".
After filling the trench along the perimeter of the foundation, we make the formwork from thin boards with a height of about 10-15 cm, we eliminate the "holes" in the formwork. Fill in, wait for it to "grab" a little. We check the horizon of the basement (the horizontalness of the upper edge of the foundation) with a level. If the horizon is uneven, then level it with a solution. For a more even distribution of the top layer of the solution, we make it a little thinner. After the solution for waterproofing has solidified (to protect the walls from drawing in moisture from the ground), we lay 2 layers of roofing material on the base.
Installation of garage doors
We install a pre-welded metal door frame with door awnings. On each side of the box, at the top and bottom, 4 rods (embedded parts) with a length of about 15-20 cm should be welded, they will be sealed into the seams of the masonry. We check the horizontal installation of the gate with a level, if necessary, put iron plates under the corners of the box. We paint the box in the desired color in 2 layers. We support the installed gates with braces on each side.
Erection of the walls of the future garage
We erect the walls with chain masonry (the seam of the previous row is covered with an upper brick or block). You need to start from the corners. From corner to corner, pull the cord and lay out the middle of the wall. Then the process is repeated. Every 1-2 rows, it is imperative to check the verticality of the corners using a level or a homemade plumb line (any weight is tied to the rope - a weight, nut, etc.).
If the corner starts to "go" - align with the next row. The horizontal level is checked with a building level, leveled with the thickness of the mortar. If a window is provided, do not forget to leave the corresponding hole (span). We put a wide metal corner on the upper edge of the span and continue laying. You can immediately insert a window block and fix it in the wall with embedded parts similar to a gate.
As embedded parts, you can use ordinary long nails driven in from the inside. To keep the walls better and not crack in the future, you need to lay a reinforcing mesh for every 4-5 row. The finished walls must form the necessary slope for the subsequent installation of the roof. If you plan to install a ceiling, do not forget to install floor beams into the wall in time.
When laying at a height, use scaffolding... With a pitched roof, the height of the front wall is usually about 2.5 meters, the back wall is about 2 meters. To prepare a binder solution, use a mixture of 1 part of cement grade not lower than 400 ("Portland") and 4.5 parts of building sand. To give plasticity, clay is added to the mortar (optionally, lime dough).
Overlapping ceiling and roof
You can use a wide metal corner or I-beams, which are embedded inside the walls when they are erected to a depth of about 10 cm, the laying step is about 1 meter. Alternatively, you can use wooden wall beams, carriage. The ceiling is sewn up with boards (35-40 mm), you can sew up with boards both from the bottom and from the top of the beams (corner). If the garage is warm, then roofing material is spread over the boards, on which it is poured, then the insulation (slag, expanded clay, earth, clay) is leveled. The thickness of the insulation is about 15-20 cm.
The roof can be made with any roofing material (roofing sheets,), which is attached to wooden planks 40 mm thick with self-tapping screws or slate nails along the upper wave.
Observation pit, floor, blind area.
It is better to choose the depth of the viewing hole so that you can stand at full height without bending or straining your back. The walls of the inspection pit should be lined with ordinary red brick to prevent crumbling. If possible, equip a comfortable gangway for the descent (wooden ladder).
It can be either concrete or wooden (carriage).
- Concrete floor: We level the earth base, pour a layer of crushed stone (sand), fill it with a concrete screed about 10-15 cm thick. The composition of the concrete mixture: 1 part of cement, 2 parts of building sand, 3 parts of fine gravel. The poured mixture is leveled, trying to avoid depressions and bumps.
- Wooden floor from gun carriage: align the earthen pavement, lay 4 along the length of the garage wooden beams(scaffolding) - two at the walls and two in the middle at an equal distance, we level and lay the fire monitor across.
To drain rain and melt water outside the walls of the garage, arrange a blind area about 0.5 meters wide. The earthen base is leveled with a slight slope, a layer of crushed stone or sand is poured and poured with a concrete screed about 5 cm thick.
Conclusion
Undoubtedly, building a garage on your own is far from an easy task, especially in the absence of basic building skills, but with enough free time and smart assistants, this task is quite feasible. The stimulating factors here include significant cost savings and, no matter how trite it sounds, a sense of satisfaction from visible results own labor, which will surely arise during the construction process.
Garage construction
The car needs a well-maintained garage to ensure safety. The construction of a garage space for storing a vehicle is a serious task, for the solution of which you need to carefully prepare. Construction is not limited to obtaining a permit, developing a building project, and choosing building materials. It is important to figure out where to start construction, calculate the need, know how to build a garage.
How to build a garage with your own hands
Construction includes the following stages:
- Development of a building project.
- Site selection.
Choosing a location for your garage is not an easy task.
- Purchase of materials.
- Preparation of the necessary tools.
- Site marking.
- Construction of the foundation.
- Erection of a frame or walls (depending on design features).
- Gate installation.
- Arrangement of the roof of the building.
- Garage floor concreting.
- Finishing.
- Ventilation device.
Let's dwell on the features of the work.
What is the right way to start building a building for a car? Select the type of building, determine the design features, dimensions and develop a plan. How quickly the walls are erected, the walls are built and the roof is installed depends on the careful study of the nuances. At the design stage, it is important to choose a design option:
- wireframe. Presents simple design, which is sheathed with corrugated board, metal profile, boards, sandwich panels or metal. It is assembled in a limited time, does not require a foundation and significant costs;
Standing separately. This option is chosen if the house has already been built and / or the shape of the plot is such that the driveways take up too much space
- capital. A building made of concrete blocks or bricks can have a second floor, be equipped with a basement, or represent a large garage for two cars. It is a reliable structure on a foundation;
- underground. Located below the basement of the building, it needs reliable waterproofing, installation of ventilation communications, and allows rational use of the area.
It is important to choose the right location for the site. Pay attention to the following points:
- the location should not impede movement with the gate open;
- the distance to buildings must be more than 9 m;
- the distance from the windows of buildings should be more than 10 m;
- the location of the site on a slope will make it difficult to enter the garage;
- access roads should provide the possibility of free access.
Materials must be purchased in quantities that meet the requirements of the project. To build you will need:
- Foundation pouring concrete.
- Reinforcement cage for strengthening the foundation.
First you need to decide for what purposes the garage will be used.
- Wall material.
- Metal profiles and wooden beams for the frame, roof truss construction.
- Ready-made gates or blanks for their manufacture.
- Wood for formwork and roof battens.
- Fasteners.
Attention! Depending on the design features, the list requires clarification.
To complete the work, you will need tools and equipment:
- welding machine;
- concrete mixer;
- shovels, buckets;
- electric tool;
- building level, tape measure;
- hammer;
Site preparation involves marking and extracting soil for the foundation.
The foundation for a garage without a pit can be any, even tape, even pile-grillage
The options are different:
- tape. It is poured into the pit. A trench is being prepared, a crushed stone cushion is being formed, formwork is being assembled, a reinforcing cage is being installed, and the foundation is being concreted. Inexpensive tape base provides stability on problem soils;
- monolithic. Pouring foundation is an expensive base option used on heaving soils. Ensures the integrity of capital buildings. Equipped by digging a pit, filling the pit with sand, laying waterproofing, reinforcing and pouring concrete;
- columnar. A reliable base in areas with soil prone to heaving. It is made by pouring concrete supports with an interval of 1.5–3 m. The structure is calculated depending on the mass of the structure.
Attention! When we build a garage, it is necessary to carry out a soil study on the site, calculate the mass of the structure, and choose the right foundation structure. Remember that the construction of walls begins after the concrete has hardened, the acquisition of strength. Roofing material should be laid on the surface of the foundation to waterproof the walls.
When building a structure, pay attention to the following points:
- Blocks start from the corner.
- Blocks must be thoroughly coated with a solution.
- The blocks should be mixed when laying.
- Reinforcement is done every 3-4 rows.
- Armopoyas along the contour of the walls is necessary to distribute the loads from the roof.
- The height of the walls should ensure comfortable movement around the garage and be 2.5–3 m.
Most often, the walls in the garage are made from building blocks.
Attention! Brick-based masonry should be 1–1.5 brick thick to ensure durability.
Possible different options gate designs:
- swing;
- roller shutters;
- lift-and-turn;
- sectional.
Attention! You should carefully consider the design of the gate, which ensures the convenience of entry, first apply a primer to the metal surface. The embedded elements attached to the gate will ensure their fixation during masonry.
Can be installed inexpensively the following types roofs:
- Shed. A budget-friendly roof design that allows the use of any materials.
- Flat. Floor panels are the basis of the roof.
- Gable. Installed on rafters with lathing.
The floor is poured onto a tamped base with a 10 cm thick sand-cement pad. Observe the following requirements:
- pour a screed 10-15 cm thick on the waterproofing;
It's easier to immediately make a monolithic reinforced slab and not do the foundation first, and then the floor
- provide a slope of 3-4 degrees towards the entrance;
- use reinforcement to strengthen the base;
- apply concrete mortar M300 brand.
Attention! The tiles applied to the concrete base will prevent the formation of dust and make cracking more difficult.
Finishing is carried out depending on the available building materials and financial capabilities. It is important to provide reliable protection of the walls from moisture penetration and to create a presentation of the building.
Attention! Installation of supply and exhaust ventilation will maintain a comfortable level of humidity.
Where to start building a garage
It's better to start building a garage with design. The developed project will allow avoiding unforeseen errors, since the document contains the necessary information:
- type of garage space (individual or attached to the building);
- purpose and number of vehicles in the room;
- sizes;
- characteristics of the overlap - features of the roof structure, slope, area, construction nuances;
- base structure - solid, tape or columnar;
- construction features and box material - concrete blocks, brick, wood, metal, profiled sheet;
- a diagram with a breakdown into functional areas, including a basement, an inspection pit.
The interior arrangement of the garage, wall and floor decoration, the presence of lighting, heating depends on the wishes of the owner
It is important to pay attention to the following points:
- the results of soil studies necessary to determine the type of foundation - the nature of the soil, the level of groundwater, the depth of freezing;
- the proximity of power supply lines and water supply networks, which allows you to quickly connect to the necessary utility lines;
- the location of the building on the site, the distance from the entrance gate to the territory, which determines the convenience of the entrance;
- the amount of cost estimates for the construction of the building, allowing the implementation of the plans.
Attention! It is not necessary to order a project from a specialized organization. You can do the design yourself or use a typical drawing.
Garage construction calculator - calculation of materials
Using an online calculator, it is easy to calculate the need for building materials, to determine the total volume of construction estimates. To erect a building, the program performs a calculation based on the following data:
- overall dimensions;
- depth, width, type of foundation;
- wall material;
- the size of the entrance gate;
- roof structures.
When developing a project, you can use two options: order technical documentation from specialists, make a plan yourself
Management of a pre-developed project, it is easy to independently calculate the amount necessary materials. For the calculation, you should determine:
- The length of the walls.
- The height of the garage.
- The thickness of the walls.
- Dimensions of openings.
- The dimensions of the material used.
The self-calculation method is straightforward:
- Calculate the amount of building material for the construction of one square meter of wall surface.
- Calculate the area of the walls, excluding openings.
- Multiply the flow rate by the surface area.
- Multiply your result by a safety factor of 1.1.
Attention! Knowing the need roofing material for one square meter roofs, having decided on the structure, you can quickly calculate the consumption of building materials for the manufacture of the roof using the above method.
Obtaining a permit to build a garage
According to the current regulatory documents, a stationary garage refers to permanent buildings, the owners of which pay taxes in accordance with the provisions of the law. Therefore, for the construction, without fail, you need to obtain an official document - a special building permit.
What material to choose is your personal desire
These requirements apply to all types of structures intended for the storage of vehicles, which are located:
- in the territories of summer cottages;
- on the lands of garage cooperatives.
Attention! The list of documents to be submitted differs in different regions. It is important to clarify the procedure for processing documents in local self-government bodies.
It is unlikely that the demolition of the building erected on its site will be carried out, but the question of paying a fine is quite possible. In any case, during the sale, it will be necessary to provide documents.
The procedure for processing documents for the construction of a garage on the site
According to the order of registration and general rules the following documents are required:
- an application for permission to build;
- documents confirming the ownership of land;
- a photocopy of a previously developed project;
- the license of the company that carried out the design and developed the plan;
- an extract from the cadastre confirming the allotment of a plot of land and containing information about the location.
To get started, you must apply to your local department of architecture
A garage is a necessary purchase for every car owner. It allows you to leave the car in the parking lot in optimal conditions, provides protection against negative influences of all kinds, and allows maintenance and repairs to be carried out in a comfortable and convenient environment. Only by leaving the car in the garage, you can not worry about the fact that it can be stolen, damaged, opened and stolen valuable things, etc. Nobody will argue with the fact that having a garage is convenient, practical and pleasant. But not all car owners can buy a garage in modern economic conditions.
In such a situation, you can try to build a garage yourself. But not all materials and types of construction provide truly significant savings. Capital construction in any case will not be cheap, since the materials themselves and the technologies used require significant investments. But among modern building materials and available technologies, you can choose those that will make the construction of an inexpensive and practical garage possible. Many craftsmen have been using such buildings for more than one year. In this article, we will tell you how to build a garage cheaply and quickly with your own hands, what materials to choose for this and what technology to use. Choose what is right for you and build a modern and inexpensive garage for your car!
The widest range of the modern construction market allows you to choose the optimal type of materials for any type of construction. You can choose both among traditional options, for example, brick or wood, and among relatively new proposals, for example, corrugated board, vulture panels, etc. We invite you to consider the materials, the best way suitable for the construction of an inexpensive, aesthetic and practical garage.
The first thing that comes to mind when it comes to material for building a garage is brick. Indeed, most often capital garages are built from this material. Of course, the properties of this material are at their best: it is strong and beautiful, reliable and durable, it allows you to create high-quality decent buildings. But afford brick garage not everyone can, since its construction costs a decent amount. And the construction itself takes a lot of time. Therefore, if you want to build a garage quickly and without extra costs then pay attention to more available materials:
- Wood... This is one of the most traditional materials for the construction of buildings for various purposes. Wood construction technologies have been honed and improved over the centuries, and today they have reached the highest level development. Among the excellent properties of this material are environmental friendliness, reliability, durability, ample opportunities for the embodiment of architectural ideas, etc. optimum humidity... Build from modern wood materials- pure pleasure! You can order at the manufacturer's factory ready-made kit wooden elements according to your project with ready-made fasteners and connections. You just have to put the parts together to get a beautiful, reliable and high-quality garage. In some respects, wood even surpasses brick, and first of all, in terms of construction costs. Wood provides ample opportunities for the construction of cheap and high-quality buildings;
- Cinder blocks... This material has gained wide popularity relatively recently. The main advantage of cinder blocks is their low cost and ease of use. Perhaps this material is not able to provide sufficient quality for the construction of a residential building, but its properties are optimal for a garage. Among the strengths of cinder blocks are long term service, a high degree of reliability. And for a garage, these properties are the most important. Therefore, you can safely choose this material for the construction of a garage;
- Corrugated board. Universal option, which has found the broadest application in solving different tasks... Roofs are covered with it, fences and fences are built from it, as well as household buildings, including garages. You can build a garage from corrugated board on a finished base in a matter of days without outside help... The construction turns out to be neat, neat, reliable and practical.
These materials can be called the most suitable for independent budget garage construction. Next, we will talk about how to build a garage cheaply and quickly with your own hands, a video tutorial will help you understand the basic principles of working with each of these materials.
Choosing wood as the main material for building a garage, you make a choice in favor of an aesthetic appearance, absolute safety for humans and the environment, affordable cost, ease of processing and use. Wood makes great garages, but when planning such a construction, you should also be aware of the special nuances that distinguish working with wood.
For the construction of a garage, two modern technologies of wood construction are optimal. In the first case, an affordable rounded log is used, and in the second, frame technology is used. Buildings made of rounded logs are distinguished by a high degree of reliability. They are strong and beautiful. But the construction of frame technology- more affordable. In this situation, you need to correlate your preferences, goals and objectives with the characteristics and characteristics of a particular technology. This will help you choose the best way suitable for you.
Features of the construction of a garage made of wood
Construction work always begins with a preparatory stage. It is very important to analyze your capabilities and requirements, choose the right place for construction, think over the project of the future construction. And you also need to decide whether your garage will stand separately or will be attached to the house, there will be a viewing hole, a cellar and other elements in it. And also you need to immediately decide on the type of gate and think over all other aspects to the smallest detail. This is necessary so that in the future the work is carried out according to a well-thought-out plan quickly and efficiently.
When you draw up a project and think over the sequence of work, you need to prepare the selected area for construction works... It needs to be leveled and the soil compacted. The evenness of the site affects the quality of the future structure.
On the prepared site, a solid and high-quality base for the garage is created. You will need to prepare trenches around the perimeter of the planned building, form the formwork, fill and tamp a cushion of gravel and sand.
The most important stage is strengthening the foundation. For this, metal rods are used, which are laid on top of a sand and gravel cushion. After that, the base can be poured with a solution. The foundation gains strength for about three weeks. After this period, you can proceed to the performance of other work. The first thing that needs to be built is the lower reinforcing belt made of 50x100 mm timber.
Keep in mind that untreated wood has no protection against moisture, fungus, and pests. Therefore, before construction, all wooden elements must be treated with antiseptic compounds.
For the device of the frame, you will need a beam, from which it is convenient to make posts and gate leaves, as well as boards of 50x100 mm, suitable for all other parts of the building. On the lower harness, the step should be no more than 120 cm.
Corner struts, which will support the harness, will additionally strengthen and strengthen the structure. As a result, the base of the building will turn out to be strong, stable, reliable. It is important from the very beginning to carry out all the work as accurately as possible, since errors on initial stages will certainly make themselves felt later.
In the technology of construction from wood, the most costly and complex stages are the construction of the foundation and the creation of the frame. The frame requires better material, more time and maximum precision. And you can even make the cladding from regular board or lining. It doesn't take long and doesn't require any special skills from you. Decorating a wooden garage can be done using almost any material. Do not forget about the need for high-quality waterproofing and vapor barrier. For this, you can use a polypropylene or polyethylene film.
There is nothing complicated in the construction of a wooden garage. You will need a little patience and some basic knowledge of construction.
Cinder block garages are quite common today. If you decide to build such a garage, then you need to know that cinder blocks are different:
- Blast furnace cinder block. Possesses good properties, has a long service life;
- From brick battle;
- Shell rock.
Sometimes cinder blocks are made with the addition of polystyrene, perlite and other components that can improve the performance of this material.
For the construction of a garage, cinder blocks could be called an excellent material, if not for one of its drawbacks - moisture absorption. Due to the penetration of water into the material, it quickly degrades and loses its properties. Therefore, it is best to choose cinder blocks for construction on dry ground. In such conditions, buildings made of cinder blocks can last up to 50 years, retaining their properties. If underground waters are found on the territory of future construction, then it is better to refuse the use of cinder blocks, since there is no processing or other reliable way prevent water ingress.
Do not forget to also take into account the classification of cinder blocks by configuration. They are full-bodied and hollow. The first type is intended for the construction of walls. The second can be used to build foundations. If you use blocks for other purposes, then your building may turn out to be of poor quality and unreliable.
Features of construction from cinder blocks
Just as in the case of the construction of a wooden garage, construction from cinder blocks begins with preparation: the territory is cleaned, leveled, compacted, and a project is being developed and detailed plan works.
Wooden building requires a flood foundation, while cinder blocks do not need such a solid foundation. For a garage made of cinder blocks, the best option will be. For its construction, it is necessary to remove the top layers of the earth and prepare a trench. Its depth should reach 50 cm, and its width - 45 cm. After that, a layer of sand and broken brick is laid out at the bottom of the trench. After that, the foundation is poured with mortar.
There is another way to build a strip foundation. After preparing the trench, it is laid out with a layer of moistened sand. This layer makes the base stronger and more resistant to temperature extremes, moisture and other negative impacts... Then it reinforces the structure and fills it.
For building a fortress tape base it takes about a month. After that, you can proceed to the construction of walls. But there is another way to make a strip foundation. This is the simplest technology, which differs in that instead of sand, the trench is laid out with rubble stone and immediately after that it is poured with a solution, marks 150 m higher.
When the base is ready, it is necessary to put hydro and vapor barrier materials... The optimal choice for solving this problem is roofing material, an affordable and time-tested material.
After that, work is carried out in the following order:
- Wall construction;
- Floor device;
- Roof device;
- Gate installation.
It is necessary to lay cinder blocks according to the same principle as brick. But in this case, the work will be carried out much faster and easier. There are two types of masonry - the spoon method, in half a stone, and the butt method, in one stone. Use masonry in two and one and a half stones. You should focus on your own skills and capabilities, choosing one or another type of masonry. Do not forget that the features of the masonry are reflected in the characteristics of the finished structure, on its strength, resistance to negative factors, and durability. For example, a garage built in one stone, with low temperatures will freeze even if it is heated from the inside with several heaters. And the structure, laid in one and a half stones, will turn out to be quite warm and comfortable.
Wall masonry starts from the corners. After that, a string is pulled between them, and the laying continues along its level.
Finishing works in the construction of a garage from cinder blocks are the necessary communications and finishing the building from the inside.
Decking is a practical versatile material. Fences and various outbuildings are often erected from it. Garages made of corrugated board are durable and reliable, have a pleasant appearance and good characteristics... But, when planning the construction of garages from corrugated board, it is important to choose the right material. Looking to build an inexpensive yet reliable garage? Then choose corrugated board, brand C or PS.
In order to do right choice, you need to understand the labeling of the material. It is performed by means of letter and digital designation... The material marked with the letter "C" is intended for walls. The number marked on the material indicates its rigidity. The higher the number, the higher the stiffness of the sheet. For the construction of a garage, we recommend that you stay on the material marked "C-20".
Some sellers may recommend that you replace the C-20 with a C-10 or C-8. We do not recommend making such a choice, because a garage made of this material, although it will cost less, will turn out to be short-lived and unreliable. In winter, thin sheets will quickly freeze, and it will be quite difficult to warm them up. And also this material does not cope well with wind loads. These are all unsuitable properties for a good garage. Therefore, for construction, you need to take only twenty. As for the thickness of the sheet, then optimal choice- 0.5 mm.
Features of the construction of a garage from corrugated board
To build such a garage, you need to purchase:
- Concrete for the base and reinforcement for its reinforcement;
- Frame details: timber, metal rods, corner;
- Elements for the device of the gate;
- Fasteners.
As for the tool, for construction from corrugated board you will need:
- Welding machine;
- Screwdriver;
- Metal scissors;
- Bulgarian;
- Electric jigsaw.
The first stage of work on the construction of a garage from corrugated board is the construction of the foundation. For such a building, the best solution would be to make a monolithic base. For this, the upper layers of the earth are removed. Moistened sand is poured into the resulting pit. For the frame racks, it is necessary to provide for special wells, which will also play the role of foundation racks. Wells must be driven into the ground to a depth of half a meter.
Thanks to these elements, the foundation will turn out to be stronger and more durable. It will handle ground movements well.
After that, the work is carried out according to the standard scheme. A formwork is installed along the perimeter of the pit, reinforcing rods are attached to it, connected by wire. After that, frame racks are installed in the prepared wells.
Before this, the lower parts of the struts are treated with bitumen to prevent moisture penetration and reduce other harmful effects.
During the installation of the racks, you must carefully monitor their level. They must stand strictly upright. This should be checked regularly at the building level. After installing the racks, the base is poured with M300 concrete. For the construction of a garage from corrugated board, such a choice will be optimal.
It is recommended to allow the foundation to gain strength within three weeks. Although some masters believe that it is possible to move on to further work within a couple of days after pouring the base. But such a rush can lead to cracking of the foundation, which will completely disable it. So it's better to take your time and wait for the allotted time so as not to nullify all efforts.
After the foundation gains strength, you can mount the metal frame. First you need to prepare pipes according to the dimensions corresponding to the project. You can cut them with a grinder, jigsaw, connect - by welding. If you have previously had experience with welding, then you will need less than three days... If you are just mastering this equipment, you can assemble the frame in a week. Be sure to check the size of the material with the project to avoid annoying mistakes.
Horizontal elements are welded to the installed racks. Welding is carried out in three points... If you plan to make a wooden frame, then special fasteners must be welded to the posts. The bars are fastened together with self-tapping screws.
Sheets of corrugated board are also attached to self-tapping screws with a special rubber gasket. You can cut the material with a jigsaw. For this stage of work, it is advisable to enlist the help of two or three people. It is much easier to carry out the sheathing with the help of a team.
After assembling the frame, you need to consider the installation of the gate. This part of the construction is very important, as any inaccuracy can lead to the fact that the garage doors simply won't open. The door frame can be welded from metal corners, and corrugated sheets can be used as cladding.
The best roof option for an inexpensive garage is a pitched roof. Beams made of wood or metal will serve as the material for the frame, and lining is suitable for the lathing. When choosing roof materials, be sure to consider your local climate. For southern places, you can use a light crate. For colder areas, more attention needs to be paid to the roof design because it has to be designed to withstand strong winds, precipitation, snow, etc.
Now you have an idea of how to build a garage quickly and inexpensively. Choose the option that suits you and get started! We wish you the best of luck!
Many vehicle owners are wondering how to quickly build a garage from inexpensive building materials. A car parked in the open air is exposed to various atmospheric influences. This not only burns out paintwork, but also quickly corrode the body, components and parts under the hood.
The cheapest garage is the metal "shell" famous in the 90s or a ready-made prefabricated metal one. But this is not at all the best option, since condensation collects there, temperature drops are present, which also negatively affects the car, but it is better to build a warm room.
Today there are many building materials for building a building. They differ from each other not only in cost, but also in specific weight, which determines the type of foundation for the structure. The lighter the structure, the less powerful the foundation can be made.
Laying the foundation
For a heavy structure, it is better to make a strip foundation, for a light one it is enough to make a columnar foundation. The only thing that should not be forgotten is that even if an inexpensive columnar foundation is being built, it must be laid at a freezing depth. In our latitudes, this is at least 80 cm. The columnar foundation, of course, will reduce the cost of building a garage. Some argue that the foundation can be laid in a trench 40 cm deep. But then it can be excruciatingly painful when, after a cold winter, the structure "leads" due to the fact that the foundation cracks and begins to collapse. This effect may not be noticed right away - only after a few years.
Before starting construction, you need to carefully calculate all costs and weigh your financial capabilities.
Only after that you can decide what to build a cheap option from.
Building materials
What is needed for construction
- Used brick is a fairly cheap, warm and reliable material. But it is worth considering that often its surface does not have an attractive or even decent look. This means that walls made of such material will either have to be plastered or covered with others. finishing materials... And this will make the whole structure more expensive than some of the new materials.
- Sandwich panels - modern construction material... It is distinguished by its low weight, ease and speed of installation of structures made of it. Most types of these panels do not require external and internal finishing. These are three-layer boards with an inner insulation layer and a coating on the outside of metal, expanded polystyrene or magnesite board. They have enough big sizes(from 1000 × 2000 mm), which speeds up the installation of structures from them. It is worth noting that for the construction of such panels, you need to make a frame. It can be made of wood, metal and even reinforced concrete structures. The most commonly used metal frame. It is strong and durable; unlike wood, it does not shrink and shrink. Still, you can build a frame made of wood. Such wall material as "sandwiches" allows you to carry out all stages of the construction of the structure yourself.
- Decking can also be attributed to those building materials from which you can build a garage at low cost. Such a structure is arranged on a metal or wooden frame. In this case, one must not forget to take into account the costs of insulating the structure. Since without insulation of the walls and ceiling, it will be the same tin can with all its disadvantages as a ready-made prefabricated one.
- OSB boards are also popular today among those who build lightweight structures. The advantage of OSB is that it is not exposed to moisture like other lumber. OSB acquired this property due to its three-layer structure, where in the outer layers the chips are located horizontally along the surface of the board, and in the inner layer - vertically. From this material you can build enough cheap premises for auto. Its construction will not take much time, because is also performed on the frame, and the dimensions of the slab are large enough. The spans between the frame posts should not exceed 1.2 m, because OSB boards are quite flexible material. Large spans will make the structure fragile. The thickness of the wall slabs must be at least 18 mm. There are also plates with a thickness of 22 mm on sale. Outside, walls made of this material can be finished with siding. But this operation should not be performed immediately if the funds are not enough. For starters, it is allowed to cover the walls with plastic wrap, because OSB boards are well resistant to moisture. Insulation from the inside is optional. But if you still want to insulate the room, it will be possible to do this over time, when additional financial opportunities appear. Inside the room, between the frame posts, there will be a space that can be filled with mineral wool or foam.
To build this structure with your own hands, you do not need to own a profession. It is enough to have basic skills: the ability to work with a hammer, a screwdriver, an electric saw.
First and mandatory step- project creation. For this, it is also possible not to resort to the services of a designer. After all, a garage is a simple rectangular box. The best option is 4x6 m with a height of 2 m.If you build it for a minibus, then you can make the width and length a little larger (although this is not necessary), and the height - 2.5 m.
Construction project
To optimize construction costs, there is nothing left to do but build frame garage... In accordance with the dimensions, you need to calculate the number of racks. At the same time, do not forget that the spans between them must correspond to the width wall panels taking into account the fact that they are attached end-to-end, and the sandwich panels are overlapped (they have special locks for this purpose).
Today it is prestigious to have automatic lifting gates, but they are expensive. Therefore, if you decide to meet the minimum budget, then choose the cheaper option. You can buy the same type, but with a mechanical (manual) lifting of the door leaf. But still, this element should not be neglected.
Automatic lifting gates
There is another structural element that will help optimize the cost of construction. Instead of gable roof, which requires the construction of a rather complex rafter system, you can make a single-pitched one. Under her rafter system much easier. But you should not neglect its strength, as this can affect the strength of the entire structure. The slope of a pitched roof must be at least 25 ° so that an excessive snow load on the structure is not created and it does not collapse.
During construction, one should not forget that the floor must be above ground level, so that neither rain nor ground water did not get inside. To do this, you do not have to do it right away. concrete screed... You can cover the floor with rubble and tamp it. Over time, when funds appear, it will be possible to make a screed on this rubble base.
Video: construction from foam blocks
Sometimes new vehicle owners start to think about how to quickly build a garage when it rains, and then cold weather. You can quickly erect a frame and sheathe it. This will take 2-3 weeks. But it is important to remember that the foundation, obligatory for any stationary structure, must be defended for at least 3 weeks until it gains 70% strength. Therefore, if you want to build a room for the rainy and cold season, you need to start work in the spring, as soon as the ground completely thaws.